/* =========================
   CSS VARIABLES (THEME)
========================= */
:root {
    /* Fonts */
    --font-body: Arial, sans-serif;
    --font-ui: "Segoe UI", Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
    /* Text colors */
    --text-900: #000;
    --text-800: #333;
    --text-700: #555;
    --text-600: #666;
    --text-muted: #aaa;
    /* Backgrounds */
    --bg-white: #fff;
    --bg-dark-footer: #002133;
    /* Borders */
    --border-light: #eee;
    --border-footer: rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
    /* Brand / Accent colors */
    --primary: #0088cc;
    --primary-2: #0077b6;
    --accent-orange: #f39c12;
    --orange-bar: #f7941d;
    --news-orange: #f39200;
    --icon-blue: #0084c9;
    --calendar-blue: #1e88e5;
    /* Hover / State */
    --primary-hover: #006da5;
    /* Spacing scale */
    --space-0: 0;
    --space-1: 4px;
    --space-2: 8px;
    --space-3: 10px;
    --space-4: 12px;
    --space-5: 15px;
    --space-6: 18px;
    --space-7: 20px;
    --space-8: 22px;
    --space-9: 30px;
    --space-10: 35px;
    --space-11: 40px;
    --space-12: 60px;
    /* Radii */
    --radius-sm: 4px;
    /* Font sizes */
    --fs-10: 10px;
    --fs-12: 12px;
    --fs-13: 13px;
    --fs-14: 14px;
    --fs-15: 15px;
    --fs-16: 16px;
    --fs-22: 22px;
    --fs-24: 24px;
    --fs-32: 32px;
    /* Font weights */
    --fw-300: 300;
    --fw-500: 500;
    --fw-600: 600;
    --fw-700: 700;
    /* Layout */
    --container-pad-x: 20px;
    --header-pad-y: 10px;
    --header-pad-x: 20px;
    /* Components */
    --logo-img-h: 50px;
    --flag-w: 18px;
    --btn-pad-y: 8px;
    --btn-pad-x: 15px;
    --input-h: 45px;
    /* Hero */
    --hero-min-h: 700px;
    --hero-overlay: rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
    --hero-bg-img: url("/images/banner.jpeg");
    /* Cards / Images */
    --news-img: 80px;
    --news-img-sm: 60px;
    /* Transitions */
    --transition: 0.3s;
}

/* =========================
   GENERAL STYLES
========================= */
body {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    margin: 0;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p {
    margin: 0;
}

a {
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

/* =========================
   HERO SECTION
========================= */
.hero {
    width: 100%;
    height: 340px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    color: #fff;
    background: linear-gradient(var(--hero-overlay), var(--hero-overlay)), var(--hero-bg-img) center/cover no-repeat;
    overflow: hidden;
}

/* Top-left Open Access + ISSN */
.hero-top-left {
    position: absolute;
    top: 20px;
    left: 20px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    white-space: nowrap; /* prevents wrapping */
    color: #fff;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 14px;
}

/* Spacing between Open Access emoji + text */
.hero-top-left .open-access {
    margin-right: 25px; /* space between Open Access and ISSN */
}

/* Space between ISSN and e-ISSN */
.hero-top-left .issn {
    margin-right: 25px; /* adjust as needed */
}

/* e-ISSN has no margin */
.hero-top-left .e-issn {
    margin-right: 0;
}


/* Hero content */
.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    max-width: 900px;
    padding: 0 20px;
    margin-left: 20px; /* slightly left aligned like original */
}

    .hero-content h1 {
        font-size: 3rem;
        font-weight: 700;
        margin-bottom: 5px;
    }

    .hero-content h2 {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
        font-weight: 500;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
    }

    .hero-content .journal-aim {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
        line-height: 1.5;
        margin-bottom: 25px;
    }

/* Hero buttons */
.hero-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 12px 28px;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 16px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    text-align: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background-color 0.3s;
}

.btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--primary);
    color: #fff;
}

    .btn-primary:hover {
        background-color: var(--primary-hover);
    }

.btn-secondary {
    background-color: var(--primary-2);
    color: #fff;
}

    .btn-secondary:hover {
        background-color: var(--scondary-hover);
    }

/* =========================
   PUBLICATIONS SECTION
========================= */
.pub-item {
    font-size: var(--fs-13);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-7);
}

    .pub-item h3 {
        font-size: var(--fs-15);
        margin: var(--space-2) 0;
    }

.type {
    color: var(--text-900);
    font-size: var(--fs-12);
}

.meta {
    color: var(--text-700);
    font-size: var(--fs-14);
    margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.date i {
    color: var(--calendar-blue);
    margin-right: 5px;
}

.author {
    font-size: var(--fs-12);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.view-all {
    margin-top: 20px;
    padding: 10px 22px;
    background-color: var(--primary-2);
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-weight: 600;
}

    .view-all:hover {
        background-color: var(--primary-hover);
    }


.publish-item {
    position: relative;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------
    Home Page Intro Section 
------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Ensure buttons stay on top and responsive */
/* Light grey background for content area */
.intro-content {
    background-color: #f8f9fa; /* very light grey */
    min-height: 150px;
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}

    /* Hover effect to highlight content */
    .intro-content:hover {
        background-color: #f1f3f5; /* slightly darker grey on hover */
    }

/* Intro image sizing: slightly smaller than content height */
.intro-img {
    max-height: 140px;
    width: auto;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    border-radius: 6px;
    object-fit: cover;
}

    .intro-img:hover {
        transform: scale(1.05);
        box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    }

/* Sophisticated edit button  */
.edit-btn {
    z-index: 20;
    border-radius: 50%;
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    background-color: #0d6efd; /* bootstrap primary */
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

    .edit-btn:hover {
        background-color: #0b5ed7;
        transform: scale(1.1);
        box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
    }

    .edit-btn i {
        font-size: 14px; /* slightly bigger for better visibility */
        line-height: 1;
    }

/* Content text positioning for responsive alignment */
.content-text {
    position: relative; /* Needed for absolute button placement */
}

/* Ensure image button is well aligned */
.content-img .edit-btn {
    top: 5px;
    right: 5px;
}

/* Adjust content button placement */
.content-text .edit-btn {
    top: 5px;
    right: 5px;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------
    Home Page 'Publish , Contribute, Collaborate,' Section 
------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Edit Button to edit content and image  of section*/
.edit-btn {
    z-index: 20; /* stay above everything */
    border-radius: 40%;
    width: 32px; /* slightly smaller */
    height: 32px; /* slightly smaller */
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    background-color: #0d6efd; /* Bootstrap primary blue */
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
    transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
}
    .edit-btn:hover {
        background-color: #0b5ed7; /* darker blue on hover */
    }

    .edit-btn i {
        font-size: 12px; /* smaller icon */
        line-height: 1;
    }
/*CSS of Old image inser in Home page 'Publish, Contribute and colaborate '*/
.gallery-item {
    cursor: pointer;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    padding: 2px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    width: 100%;
}

    .gallery-item img {
        width: 100%;
        display: block;
        border-radius: 6px;
    }

    .gallery-item.selected {
        border: 4px solid #0d6efd !important;
        box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(13,110,253,0.7);
    }

   
/* =========================
   NEWS & ANNOUNCEMENTS
========================= */
.news-announcement-section {
    padding: var(--space-12) var(--container-pad-x);
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
}

.section-heading {
    font-size: var(--fs-32);
    font-weight: var(--fw-300);
    color: var(--text-800);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-11);
}

.news-card {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-5);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-7);
}

    .news-card img {
        width: var(--news-img);
        height: var(--news-img);
        object-fit: cover;
        border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    }

.news-title-link {
    color: var(--news-orange);
    font-size: 14.5px;
    line-height: 1.3;
    font-weight: 500;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 6px;
}

    .news-title-link:hover {
        text-decoration: underline;
    }

.news-date {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: var(--fs-13);
    color: var(--text-800);
}

    .news-date i {
        color: var(--icon-blue);
        margin-right: 6px;
    }

.read-now-btn {
    display: block;
    margin-top: var(--space-5);
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-900);
}

.btn-view-news {
    background-color: var(--icon-blue);
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
    padding: 10px 22px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 16px;
    margin-top: var(--space-10);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

    .btn-view-news:hover {
        background-color: var(--primary-hover);
    }

/* =========================
   EDITORIAL SECTION
========================= */
.editorial-section {
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: var(--space-12) var(--container-pad-x);
}

    .editorial-section h2 {
        font-size: var(--fs-32);
        font-weight: 400;
        color: var(--text-800);
        margin-bottom: var(--space-9);
    }

    .editorial-section .btn {
        font-weight: 500;
    }

.profile-img img {
    width: 65px;
    height: 65px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: #e0e0e0;
    padding: 5px;
}

/* =========================
   RESPONSIVE
========================= */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .hero {
        height: 600px;
    }

    .hero-content h1 {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }

    .hero-content h2 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .hero-content .journal-aim {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hero {
        height: 500px;
    }

    .hero-content h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .hero-content h2 {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }

    .hero-content .journal-aim {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .hero-buttons {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 10px;
    }

    .hero-content {
        margin-left: 0;
        text-align: center;
    }
}
/* =========================
   EDITORIAL PROFILES
========================= */
.profile-img {
    width: 65px;
    height: 65px;
    flex-shrink: 0; /* prevents shrinking in flex layout */
}

    .profile-img img {
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        object-fit: cover; /* fills circle without distortion */
        border-radius: 50%; /* perfect circle */
        background-color: #e0e0e0; /* gray background */
        padding: 0; /* remove padding, otherwise it distorts image */
    }

.profile-name {
    color: #008cc9;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 16px;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 2px;
}

.profile-affiliation {
    font-size: 13px;
    color: #333;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin: 0;
}

/* Button */
.view-all-btn {
    background-color: #008cc9;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #fff;
}


@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .hero {
        height: 450px;
    }

    .hero-content h1 {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .hero-content h2 {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .hero-content .journal-aim {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
}